https://wiki.guldforum.se/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Nukleofil
Nukleofil - Versionshistorik
2026-10-31T16:22:19Z
Versionshistorik för denna sida på wikin
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https://wiki.guldforum.se/w/index.php?title=Nukleofil&diff=10183&oldid=prev
Dan Olsson den 25 februari 2013 kl. 11.15
2013-02-25T11:15:00Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Äldre version</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Versionen från 25 februari 2013 kl. 07.15</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Kategori:Fysikalisk kemi]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Kategori:Fysikalisk kemi]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[ar:شغوف بالنواة]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[ca:Nucleòfil]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[cy:Niwcleoffil]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[de:Nukleophilie]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[et:Nukleofiil]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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Dan Olsson
https://wiki.guldforum.se/w/index.php?title=Nukleofil&diff=6061&oldid=prev
Dan Olsson: 1 version
2013-02-24T09:42:08Z
<p>1 version</p>
<p><b>Ny sida</b></p><div>'''Nukleofil''' är [[grekiska]] och betyder "kärnälskare". Inom [[kemi]]n kan den vara en negativt laddad [[jon]] eller neutral. För att en nukleofil ska skapa en bindning donerar den ett av sina elektronpar till en partiellt positivt laddad atom eller [[jon]], den så kallade [[elektrofil]]en. Vatten, hydroxidjon, cyanidjon och bromidjoner är vanliga exempel på nukleofiler.<br />
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Nukleofilicitet dvs. styrkan hos en nukleofil, är i grund och botten en [[Reaktionskinetik|kinetisk]] term till skillnad basiciteten som är en [[termokemi|termodynamisk]]. Med andra ord kan man säga att nukleofilicitet är med vilken hastighet en nukleofil substituerar ett givet substrat. En rad faktorer styr nukleofiliciteten; generellt kan det sägas att nukleofilicitet och basicitet följs åt om samma attackerande grundämne betraktas. Således: CH<sub>3</sub>O<sup>-</sup> > C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sup>-</sup> > CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> > [[nitrat|NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>.]] Vidare kan man ofta se att nukleofiliciteten ökar med ökande period i [[periodiska systemet]] till exempel I<sup>-</sup> > Br<sup>-</sup> > Cl<sup>-</sup> > F<sup>-</sup> och C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>Se<sup>-</sup> > C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>S<sup>-</sup> > C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sup>-</sup>.<br />
<br />
En nukleofil kan även kallas för en '''Lewisbas'''.<br />
<br />
{{kemistub}}<br />
<br />
[[Kategori:Fysikalisk kemi]]<br />
<br />
[[ar:شغوف بالنواة]]<br />
[[ca:Nucleòfil]]<br />
[[cs:Nukleofil]]<br />
[[cy:Niwcleoffil]]<br />
[[da:Nukleofil]]<br />
[[de:Nukleophilie]]<br />
[[et:Nukleofiil]]<br />
[[en:Nucleophile]]<br />
[[es:Nucleófilo]]<br />
[[fr:Nucléophile]]<br />
[[id:Nukleofil]]<br />
[[it:Nucleofilo]]<br />
[[he:נוקלאופיל]]<br />
[[nl:Nucleofiel]]<br />
[[ja:求核剤]]<br />
[[pl:Nukleofil]]<br />
[[pt:Nucleófilo]]<br />
[[ru:Нуклеофил]]<br />
[[simple:Nucleophile]]<br />
[[sl:Nukleofilnost]]<br />
[[sr:Нуклеофил]]<br />
[[fi:Nukleofiili]]<br />
[[zh:亲核体]]</div>
Dan Olsson